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PHP md5() Function
The md5() function calculates the MD5 hash of a string.
The md5() function uses the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm.
From RFC 1321 - The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm: "The MD5 message-digest algorithm takes as input a message of arbitrary length and produces as output a 128-bit "fingerprint" or "message digest" of the input. The MD5 algorithm is intended for digital signature applications, where a large file must be "compressed" in a secure manner before being encrypted with a private (secret) key under a public-key cryptosystem such as RSA."